International Association of Health Care Professionals (IAHCP ) Society

Association of Health Care Professionals (AHCP) Society COVID-19 Research Group Report Book 2020

COVID-19 INFECTION: EVALUATION OF CHARACTERISTICS, AETIOLOGY, EPIDEMIOLOGY, CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT ISSUES

ABSTRACT

Objective - To evaluate the characteristics, aetiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, prevention and management issues of COVID-19 infection.

Material and methods - Clinical systematic review and experts’ opinions evaluations was used in this study. We examined, transmission, clinical and public health issues of COVID – 19 infection illnesses from January 2019 to September 2020, searching various sources including EMBASE, PUBMED, SCOPUS, other online databases, including articles in journals, books, all published and published materials, and experts reports and opinions on COVID-19 was performed.   The search yielded 1,793 materials, which were reviewed and analysed, and were ranked in order of superiority and themes/topics as reported in this book.

Results and discussion - An epidemic of cases unexplained low respiratory infections detected in Wuhan, China was first reported, on 31 December 2019. There are many reports of a timeline that started from November 2019 to the present day, an epidemic of cases with unusual pneumonia had been widely observed in patients of all ages and people with co-morbidities or immunosuppressed individuals. . However, previously published data can trace the beginning of symptomatic individuals back to the November 2019 or earlier, as there was a report of coronavirus in waterworks in Barcelona, Spain in March 2019. As causes were not identified, these first cases were classified as "pneumonia of unknown aetiology." With the advent of other cases internationally, the aetiology of this illness was attributed to a novel virus belonging to the coronavirus (CoV) family, with no specific treatment. The advent various vaccines against COVID-19 had led to many people being encouraged by their governments globally to take the inoculations with the hope of preventing COVID-19 infections and deaths, but there are also some people that oppose the vaccines and others that had expressed their scepticisms of the vaccines.. There also reports of adverse effects to the various vaccines, and the time of this report, no definitive treatment against the virus had been produced yet.

Conclusion - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. The virus that causes COVID-19 is mainly transmitted through droplets generated when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or exhales. These droplets are too heavy to hang in the air, and quickly fall on floors or surfaces. Since November 2019 to date, COVID 19 continues to spread globally, causing serious public health issues, with high level of infections and deaths. Hence urgent solution is needed to solve this worldwide problem. Vaccines, new treatments and general management issues has been progressing from 2020 to date, and it will continue in the foreseeable future with a view of establishing more efficient treatment and preventative measures against the virus.

Keywords: OVID 19, Coronavirus, Aetiology, Treatment, Vaccine, Epidemiology, clinical manifestation.

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